Trinidad and Tobago

Christopher Columbus arrives in Trinidad, marking the beginning of Spanish exploration.

Spanish governor José María Chacón surrenders Trinidad to a British fleet.

Trinidad and Tobago are ceded to Britain as separate entities under the Treaty of Amiens.

Trinidad and Tobago are unified into a single colony.

Trinidad and Tobago gain independence from British colonial rule.

Trinidad and Tobago declares itself a republic, reaffirming its sovereignty.