HISTORIC TIMELINE

1291Founding of the Old Swiss Confederacy

The Old Swiss Confederacy is established as a defensive and commercial alliance.

1648Independence recognized

Switzerland's independence from the Holy Roman Empire is formally recognized in the Peace of Westphalia.

1798Invasion by Revolutionary France

Revolutionary France invades Switzerland, imposing the centralist Helvetic Republic.

1803Restoration of the Confederation

Napoleon abolishes the Helvetic Republic and reinstates the Swiss Confederation.

1848New Constitution established

A new constitution is adopted, establishing the federal system and enshrining individual rights.

1815End of participation in international wars

Switzerland maintains a policy of armed neutrality and does not fight international wars after this year.

1964Joined the Council of Europe

Switzerland becomes a member of the Council of Europe.

2002Joined the United Nations

Switzerland becomes a member of the United Nations, further engaging in global governance.