Philippines

Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos named the archipelago las Islas Filipinas in honor of King Philip II.

The Philippine Revolution began against Spanish colonial rule, aiming for independence.

The Spanish-American War led to Spain ceding the Philippines to the United States.

Filipino revolutionaries declared the First Philippine Republic amid the war with Spain.

The Philippine-American War ensued as Filipinos fought against American control.

The Philippines officially became independent from the United States after World War II.

President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law, leading to a period of repression.

The People Power Revolution succeeded in overthrowing Ferdinand Marcos, restoring democracy.