Peru
Historical Events
10,000 BCE - Caral–Supe Civilization
The Caral–Supe civilization emerges, marking one of the earliest known civilizations in the Americas.
1551 - Establishment of National University of San Marcos
The National University of San Marcos in Lima is established, becoming the first higher education institution in the Americas.
1821 - Proclamation of Independence
Peru formally proclaims its independence from Spain.
1824 - Completion of Independence
Peru completes its independence following military campaigns and the decisive battle of Ayacucho.
1879 - War of the Pacific Begins
The War of the Pacific begins, leading to significant political and economic changes in Peru.
1990 - Implementation of Plan Verde
The Plan Verde is implemented, shifting Peru towards neoliberal economics under Alberto Fujimori.
2000 - Political Crisis
The early 2000s see a political crisis and economic expansion leading to poverty reduction in Peru.
2022 - Period of Unrest
A period of unrest begins, exacerbated by political crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic.