Netherlands

The northern provinces declared independence from Spanish rule, marking the birth of the Dutch Republic.

The treaty recognized the sovereignty of the Dutch Republic, ending the Eighty Years' War with Spain.

The Kingdom was established combining the former Dutch Republic and the Southern Netherlands.

Belgium seceded from the Kingdom of the Netherlands after a series of uprisings.

A new constitution was adopted, establishing a parliamentary democracy in the Netherlands.

Nazi Germany invaded the Netherlands during World War II, leading to occupation.

The Netherlands was liberated from German occupation, leading to post-war reconstruction.

The Charter formalized the relationship between the Netherlands and its Caribbean territories.