HISTORIC TIMELINE
The German Empire established control over the territory, forming German South West Africa.
German troops launched a punitive campaign against the Herero and Nama, resulting in the first genocide of the 20th century.
German rule in Namibia ended with a defeat by South African forces during World War I.
Administration of the territory was mandated to South Africa by the League of Nations.
The National Party in South Africa applied apartheid policies to South West Africa.
The United Nations assumed direct responsibility for the territory, amidst local uprisings.
The UN recognized the South West Africa People's Organisation as the official representative of the Namibian people.
Namibia gained independence from South Africa on March 21, following the South African Border War.
Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands were returned to Namibia, ending South African control.