Latvia declared independence from the Russian Empire on 18 November 1918.
Kārlis Ulmanis established a dictatorship after a coup in 1934.
Latvia was forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Union at the onset of World War II.
Nazi Germany invaded and occupied Latvia during World War II.
Soviet forces re-occupied Latvia, establishing the Latvian SSR that lasted 45 years.
Latvia restored its de facto and official independence on 21 August 1991.