Ghana

Bonoman Kingdom emerged in southern Ghana during the 11th century.

The Portuguese Empire began contesting the area for trading rights in the 15th century.

The British established control over the Gold Coast and surrounding areas by the 19th century.

Ghana became the first colony in Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve independence.

Ghana was declared a republic, with Kwame Nkrumah as its first president.

Ghana transitioned to a unitary constitutional democracy in 1993.