Belgium

Belgium gained independence from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.

Belgian Congo gained independence, marking the start of decolonization in Africa.

Ruanda-Urundi, a Belgian mandate, gained independence as Rwanda and Burundi.

Belgium began its transition from a unitary state to a federal state structure.

The federal structure of Belgium was fully established, enhancing regional autonomy.

Belgium experienced a record 589 days without a government formation following elections.